biology

Extensive forests of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) can be found in the southern Kyrgyz Republic. The natural stands of Juglans regia, however, are under uncontrolled human impact. Therefore, an assessment of a population genetic analysis of these forests as well as permanent conservation efforts of managing genetic resources has gained great attention. This book provides a comprehensive population genetic analysis of Persian walnut across its entire geographical range in the southern Kyrgyz Republic. The chapters of this book aim...

Based on phylogenetic analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana genomic sequences, uncharacterized fatty acid (FA) hydroxylases were identified. Among them were several cytochrome P450s (CYP). Active site model structures of some CYP enzymes revealed that the hydrophobicity in the heme binding site is very different between enzymes active and inactive towards conversion of FAs. Evidence is given that substrate specificity is conserved among phylogenetically related isoforms of CYP enzymes. Particular residues in the active site pocket play key roles in determining substrate...

In the course of the so-called energy transition, biomass makes a significant contribution to both energetic and material use. However, in the past a number of problem areas have become apparent that are associated with the cultivation and use of renewable raw materials that has been practiced up to now. In particular, the cultivation of renewable raw materials, which is geared towards a small number of crops, is associated with negative effects on agriculture and the environment. The cultivation and...

Among the Gram-negative pathogens, Escherichia coli(E. coli) is the main cause of nosocomial infections. As a result of antibiotic therapies, resistance develops, in E. coli mainly against beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillins and cephalosporins (ESBL producers). This work describes the molecular genetic causes that contribute to the dissemination of cephalosporin resistance genes, blaCTX-M. Based on a collection of E. coli isolates from nosocomial infections, it could be shown that in addition to clonal spread of cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains also...

Infestation with the insect pest is a major problem associated with producing, storing and marketing of grains. Microwave and radio frequency are emerging as safe alternatives to chemical methods, eliminating chemical residue and minimizing the grain damage. The present study was performed to investigate the efficiency of microwave and radio frequency in controlling life stages of Sitophilus zeamais in maize grains with different initial moisture contents at various temperatures and holding times. The results indicated that there is a possibility...